一、首先，我們分析一下為什么要分透水磚的面層和底料層。透水磚主要的用途是市外道路上的鋪裝，在透水磚產(chǎn)品沒有鋪裝完成前，我們能看到產(chǎn)品的整個(gè)構(gòu)成，我們知道產(chǎn)品的完整構(gòu)成，但是鋪裝完成后，我們走在透水磚產(chǎn)品上時(shí)，我們只會(huì)看到透水磚產(chǎn)品的最上面的面料層，所以，底層構(gòu)成了透水磚產(chǎn)品的結(jié)構(gòu)，而面層老師產(chǎn)品的真正的外觀。所以在制作產(chǎn)品時(shí)，底料產(chǎn)品在選材時(shí)只要滿足產(chǎn)品的基本物理性能，如強(qiáng)度、透水性、抗凍融性能即可；但是面層在滿足底料的所有功能外，還需要滿足產(chǎn)品的耐磨性能、美觀性能，所以在面層的選料時(shí)要遠(yuǎn)比底料嚴(yán)格，造成的成本也要遠(yuǎn)大于底料成本。

1、 Firstly, let's analyze why we need to divide the surface layer and bottom layer of permeable bricks. The main use of permeable bricks is for paving on roads outside the city. Before the permeable brick product is paved, we can see the entire composition of the product. We know the complete composition of the product, but after the paving is completed, when we walk on the permeable brick product, we only see the topmost fabric layer. Therefore, the bottom layer forms the structure of the permeable brick product, while the surface layer is the true appearance of the product. So when making products, the selection of base materials only needs to meet the basic physical properties of the product, such as strength, permeability, and freeze-thaw resistance; However, in addition to meeting all the functions of the substrate, the surface layer also needs to meet the wear resistance and aesthetic performance of the product. Therefore, when selecting materials for the surface layer, it is much stricter than that of the substrate, and the resulting cost is also much greater than that of the substrate.

二、面層的構(gòu)成：透水磚產(chǎn)品不管是混凝土透水磚、PC仿石透水磚、還是陶瓷陶瓷透水磚，面層的構(gòu)成都分骨料、粘結(jié)劑、顏料三部分。骨料是決定面層外觀的的基礎(chǔ)。我們?cè)谶x擇透水磚產(chǎn)品時(shí)，首先會(huì)考慮精細(xì)面、透水彺能、耐磨性能，這此都是由骨料的構(gòu)成有關(guān)。

2、 The composition of the surface layer: Whether it is concrete permeable bricks, PC imitation stone permeable bricks, or ceramic permeable bricks, the composition of the surface layer is divided into three parts: aggregates, binders, and pigments. Aggregates are the basis for determining the appearance of the surface layer. When choosing permeable brick products, we first consider the fine surface, permeability, and wear resistance, all of which are related to the composition of aggregates.

1、在選擇面層骨料時(shí)，我們首先要保證骨料的顆粒的均勻性、級(jí)配要求、抗壓強(qiáng)度等，這三個(gè)指標(biāo)是所用透水磚產(chǎn)品面層選擇的基礎(chǔ)，要做出好的產(chǎn)品，必須結(jié)上透水磚面層的這三個(gè)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格的要求。

1. When selecting surface layer aggregates, we first need to ensure the uniformity of particle size, grading requirements, compressive strength, etc. These three indicators are the basis for selecting the surface layer of permeable brick products. To make a good product, strict requirements must be imposed on these three indicators of permeable brick surface layer.

2、透水磚產(chǎn)品面層的粘結(jié)劑，陶瓷透水磚產(chǎn)品有專用的陶瓷料產(chǎn)品的粘結(jié)劑。混凝土透水磚、PC仿石透水磚產(chǎn)品的面層粘結(jié)劑一般有42.5#灰水泥或白水泥，在大部分地區(qū)，白水泥的采購(gòu)價(jià)格是灰水泥的一倍左右。可以根據(jù)不同顏色的需求進(jìn)行選擇。

2. The adhesive for the surface layer of permeable brick products, and ceramic permeable brick products have a dedicated adhesive for ceramic materials. The surface layer binder for concrete permeable bricks and PC imitation stone permeable brick products generally includes 42.5 # gray cement or white cement. In most regions, the purchase price of white cement is about twice that of gray cement. You can choose according to the needs of different colors.

3、顏料選擇，透水磚產(chǎn)品的面層顏色時(shí)，在產(chǎn)品攪拌時(shí)加入的顏料決定的，所選的顏料不同、摻加的數(shù)量不同、原材料在攪拌系統(tǒng)中攪拌時(shí)的水份大小、在砌塊成型機(jī)成型時(shí)布料工藝不同，都會(huì)生產(chǎn)出不同的效果。

3. The color of the surface layer of permeable brick products is determined by the pigments added during product mixing. Different pigments are selected, the amount added, the water content of raw materials during mixing in the mixing system, and the fabric technology during block forming machine can all produce different effects.

三、面層的成本：

3、 Cost of surface layer:

從上述的分析我們可以看到，選擇面層產(chǎn)品時(shí)，對(duì)骨料的粒徑、強(qiáng)度、級(jí)配要嚴(yán)格要求，面層為保障耐磨系數(shù)，粘結(jié)劑的摻加量要遠(yuǎn)大于底料，同時(shí)還要摻加一定數(shù)量的顏料，顏料的采購(gòu)成本一般在6000~12000元/噸。所以面層的單位成本要遠(yuǎn)大于底料，單位面積上，面料的成本約占整個(gè)透水磚產(chǎn)品成本的40%。

From the above analysis, we can see that when selecting surface layer products, strict requirements are placed on the particle size, strength, and gradation of the aggregates. In order to ensure the wear resistance coefficient of the surface layer, the amount of binder added should be much greater than that of the base material, and a certain amount of pigment should also be added. The procurement cost of pigments is generally between 6000 to 12000 yuan/ton. So the unit cost of the surface layer is much higher than that of the base material, and the cost of the fabric per unit area accounts for about 40% of the total cost of permeable brick products.

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